Mavrix Crater Ball, High Density PU Bouncy ball

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This graph shows a good linear relationship between the drop angle and the crater depth, as the vertical component of the velocity becomes greater as the angle increases. Some researchers have attempted to model meteorite impacts with explosive charges set in the ground, but the craters formed don’t have the more complex features of large lunar craters. Still, geophysicists have developed a rule of thumb that both crater diameter and depth increase with impact energy according to a formula where energy is raised to the 1/4 power. Even so, says Douglas Durian of the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), the conventional theory doesn’t give much insight into how the ground reacts to an impact, nor into what creates the distinctive crater shapes. This experiment was set up so that the ball had the same kinetic energy for each drop. The vertical height above the landing tray was kept constant so the GPE of the ball ( mgh ) remained the same. This meant that the entry speed of the ball would be the same at each angle. The ball was rolled 3 times and an average of crater length and depth taken. Now that the basic relationships between the balls and their craters have been found by dropping vertically the next step is to let the balls enter the sand at an angle, to find more complex relationships between various components of the ball’s motion and the characteristics of the craters produced.

Golf on the moon: Apollo 14 50th anniversary images - BBC

This experiment was set up as shown above, and by using different combinations of plastic trays 7 different heights were tested. Again the graph produces no surprises, as you would expect a ball with a larger diameter to produce a larger crater. The linear relationship would suggest that there is a constant that could be found and applied to balls of any diameter. Calculate the average crater diameter by adding up the three measurements and then dividing your answer by three. Write the answer in your data table.In this activity, objects of differing densities and sizes (marbles, ball bearings and golf balls) will be dropped from a known height onto a surface of flour and cocoa. Once dropped, the kinetic energy of these objects will blast a crater into the surface, sending out rays (ejecta rays) around the object. Students will note the shape/extent of these rays, and once the object is removed from the crater, they can also measure its diameter. Results of this investigation can be presented graphically or verbally, and conclusions drawn regarding the nature of impact craters on Earth. Any improvements that can be made on the experiment can then be discussed. Full Description Try with different sizes and weights of balls and see if the craters are deeper or different shapes.

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Create two scatter plots to demonstrate your results: impact object density vs. crater diameter and impact object diameter vs. crater diameter.Supercool physics Experiments that probe the exotic behaviour of matter at ultralow temperatures depend on the latest cryogenics technology Some volcanoes are calm enough that scientists can get close to the lava in the summitcrater. Mount Erebus, a volcano in Antarctica, has a lava lake in its summitcrater. Lava lakes are where magma has bubbled up to the surface. Volcanologists can fly over Mount Erebus’ summitcrater to see how the lava lake is behaving and predict future behavior. This will be due to the ball having more kinetic energy ( mass multiplied by velocity squared) – so more energy will be put into displacing the sand grains downward and outward. NASA/JPL Deep impacts. Two teams found they could learn about the formation of lunar craters (above) by making their own craters in the lab. They dropped balls into sand and other granular materials. × How does the impact of a crater change in different types of surface material? You can do an experiment using different types of material, like sand, cornmeal, clay, dirt, ash, salt, etc. How do impact craters form in different types of surface materials? What can this tell us about the geology of a crater? Can this information be used to predict the surface properties of other planets?

crater experiments for introductory physics and Impact crater experiments for introductory physics and

Remove the impact object and measure the crater diameter and ejecta ray diameter. Make a note of these values on your spreadsheet. Flatten the flour/cocoa surface and repeat the experiment twice more with the same impact object, adding the results to your table. So, how far did Shepard manage to hit his ball? "Looked like a slice to me, Al," quipped Fred Haise in Mission Control after watching Shepard's first shot that he hit into a nearby crater. Given the known location of the TV camera, Shepard's bootprints can be identified, showing his stance for his first two attempts - when he took "more dirt than ball".The issue is that there are multiple crater scaling laws, each with different assumptions, as Horedt & Neukem (1984) show (title of paper is Comparison of six crater-scaling laws). Other factors, such as the height dropped, and the diameters of the balls, were simply determined by the equipment available in the lab. Measuring large heights was impractical with metre rules, and only a certain number of balls were available at a good range of diameters. There are meteoroids traveling around throughout space, and all of the moons and planets have been impacted by meteorites since the formation of our solar system. (Note: they are called meteoroids when they're still in space, and meteorites when they land on a planet or moon). On Earth, we only see a few impact craters because of a couple of different reasons. First, most meteoroids never reach the Earth's surface because they burn up in the atmosphere. This is what we are seeing when we watch a shooting star during a meteor shower ( meteor refers to the visible streak of light). Second, impact craters from meteorites can be changed by geological forces (like earthquakes and continental movements), or eroded away by atmospheric forces (like wind or rain). There is no atmosphere on the moon, which means that falling meteoroids do not burn up and there is no weather to erode away the craters. In fact, the footprints of the astronauts who landed on the moon over 30 years ago are still there, perfectly preserved!